Disaster Risk Reduction in Agriculture

This  book is related to disaster risk reduction in agriculture particularly  under changing climate. Climate change refers to significant, long-term  changes in the global climate. There is unequivocal evidence that Earth  is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal  cause. The planets average surface temperature has risen to about 1oC  since the late 19th century and most of the warming occurred in the past  40 years. The years 2016 and 2020 are tied for the warmest year on the  record. Similarly, other evidence of rapid climate change includes  warming of oceans, shrinking of ice sheets, retreating glaciers,  decreasing snow cover, rising of sea level, declining artic sea ice,  increased frequency of extreme events, ocean acidification and loss of  biodiversity. Hence, climate change impacts, both extreme weather and  slow-onset events, have impacted several sectors of the national  economies and activities, in particular agriculture and food production,  augmented by other challenges be it geopolitical, cost of finance or  supply chain related, and in a time of increased food insecurity.  Without CO2 fertilization, effective adaptation, and genetic  improvement, each degree-Celsius increase in global mean temperature  would, on average, reduce global yields of wheat by 6.0%, rice by 3.2%,  maize by 7.4%, and soybean by 3.1%. Hence this book is useful as a study  material to teach in the field of agriculture and climate change. The  book is useful for instructors and postgraduate as well as undergraduate  students involved in the study of climate change. The book also provide  guidance to multiple stakeholders to design mitigation and adaptation  efforts to climate change and ensure food security in the developing  world.